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Why Your Bulk Data Load Slows Down Over Time: The Hidden Cost of Index Maintenance

  Introduction Have you ever started a bulk data load that ran lightning-fast initially, only to watch it grind to a crawl hours later? You're not alone. This is one of the most common—and most misunderstood—performance issues in Oracle databases. In this post, I'll share a real-world case study where a data load that started at 550,000 rows/hour degraded to just 40,000 rows/hour—a 93% performance drop. More importantly, I'll explain exactly why this happens and how to fix it. The Scenario Our team was loading data into a staging table as part of a nightly ETL process. The setup looked like this: Table Configuration: CREATE TABLE STG_CUSTOMER_EXTRACT ( CUSTOMER_ID NUMBER, ACCOUNT_NUMBER VARCHAR2(50), BILLING_ID VARCHAR2(30), REGION_CODE VARCHAR2(10), LOAD_DATE DATE ); -- Three indexes to support downstream queries CREATE INDEX IDX_CUSTOMER_ID ON STG_CUSTOMER_EXTRACT(CUSTOMER_ID); CREATE INDEX IDX_ACCOUNT_NUM ON STG_CUSTOMER...
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How to Enable Oracle Golden Gate Trail File Encryption (Bidirectional Setup)

Introduction: Why Your GoldenGate Trails Need Encryption If you're running Oracle GoldenGate in production, your trail files are essentially the heartbeat of your data replication. They contain captured transactions, metadata, and complete before/after images of your data changes. Without encryption, these files are vulnerable—whether sitting on shared storage, captured in backups, or transmitted across networks. In this comprehensive guide, I'll walk you through implementing AES256 encryption for Oracle GoldenGate trail files in a bidirectional replication setup. We'll cover both local trail storage encryption and network transmission security between two hosts. What You'll Achieve By the end of this tutorial, you'll have: Encrypted trail files written to disk (data at rest protection) Encrypted network transmission between source and target systems Bidirectional encryption working seamlessly in both directions Minimal performance impact while mainta...

How to Move PostgreSQL Temporary Files to a Dedicated Disk for Faster Queries

Welcome back to my PostgreSQL optimization series! In previous posts, I covered installing PostgreSQL 18 with an optimized disk layout and relocating WAL files to a dedicated disk. Today, I'm tackling another critical performance optimization: moving temporary files to their own disk volume. If you've ever run complex queries involving large sorts or joins and watched your database slow to a crawl, this optimization is for you. Understanding PostgreSQL Temporary Files Before we dive into the how, let's understand the what and why. PostgreSQL creates temporary files when performing operations that exceed available memory. These files support operations like: Large sorts - When ORDER BY clauses process more data than fits in work_mem Hash joins - When joining large tables that exceed hash_mem limits Aggregations - GROUP BY operations on massive datasets Window functions - Complex analytical queries with partitioning Here's what makes temporary files unique:...

How to Move PostgreSQL WAL Files to a Dedicated Disk for Better Performance (Step-by-Step Guide)

  Moving PostgreSQL WAL Files to a Dedicated Disk: A Complete Guide In my previous post, I covered installing PostgreSQL 18 with a performance-optimized disk layout. Today, I'm diving deeper into one of the most impactful optimizations you can make: relocating your Write-Ahead Log (WAL) files to a dedicated disk volume. This seemingly simple change can dramatically reduce I/O contention and boost your database performance, especially for write-heavy workloads. Let me show you exactly how to do it safely. What Are WAL Files and Why Do They Matter? Write-Ahead Logs are the backbone of PostgreSQL's durability guarantees. They're sequential transaction logs that record every change made to your database before those changes hit the actual data files. Think of them as a detailed journal of everything happening in your database. WAL files serve two critical purposes: Crash Recovery : If PostgreSQL crashes unexpectedly, WAL files allow the database to replay transactions an...

Complete Guide to PostgreSQL 18 Source Installation with Performance Optimization

PostgreSQL 18 brings powerful new features and performance improvements that make it an excellent choice for modern database workloads. In this comprehensive guide, I'll walk you through installing PostgreSQL 18 from source code while implementing a strategic disk layout that maximizes performance. Why Install from Source? While package managers offer convenience, building PostgreSQL from source gives you complete control over configuration and optimization options. This flexibility allows you to tailor the database precisely to your hardware and workload requirements. Prerequisites Before we begin, ensure you're working with a RHEL, CentOS, or Fedora-based system. We'll be installing several development tools and libraries needed for compilation. Installation Process 1. Download PostgreSQL 18 Source Code First, grab the latest PostgreSQL 18 source tarball: wget https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.0/postgresql-18.0.tar.gz 2. Install Required Dependencies Install all n...

🚀 DB BOT: Real-Time Oracle & GoldenGate Monitoring in Slack

In today's fast-paced DevOps environment, quick access to database metrics is essential. This blog will walk you through creating a Slack bot that provides real-time monitoring of Oracle databases and Golden Gate replication. With simple slash commands, your team can check tablespace usage, Flash Recovery Area status, and Golden Gate replication health directly in Slack. Project Overview Our "DB Bot" offers these key capabilities: Monitor tablespace usage across multiple Oracle databases Check Flash Recovery Area (FRA) status on multiple databases View GoldenGate process status across different servers List GoldenGate credential stores Monitor replication lag in GoldenGate Prerequisites Node.js v14+ Python 3.6+ Oracle client libraries (instantclient_21_19) Access to Oracle databases and GoldenGate servers A Slack workspace with permissions to add apps   Project Structure oracle-slack-bot...